URMIA Kiln 1 Calciner & Burners CFD Modeling

• Urmia Cement operate an FLS clinker kiln (Kiln 1) with in-line calciner at their Urmia plant.

• The kiln and calciner are primarily Natural Gas fired, with Fuel Oil as the other fuel.

• The plant would prefer to fire 100% Natural Gas, however it has not been possible to do so.

• When attempting to fire >80% Natural Gas in the calciner excessively high temperatures and CO levels are obtained at the pre-heater exit.

• The plant must not exceed certain temperature and CO limits and so NG usage is limited to 80% of total firing rate.

• Oil is a significantly more expensive fuel than Natural Gas and consequently operating costs are higher than they could be.